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Perovskite

Perovskite

I. Industry Analysis

1. Basic Principles

It converts solar energy into electricity based on the photovoltaic effect. When sunlight shines on the battery, the perovskite layer absorbs photons, exciting electrons to a higher energy state and generating electron-hole pairs. The exciton binding energy is very small, and electrons and holes can become free carriers, which are transported to the electrodes through the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer respectively, forming a current and outputting electricity. During the transmission process, some electrons and holes may recombine, leading to energy loss. To improve battery efficiency, carrier recombination needs to be reduced.

2. Structural Composition

It usually consists of five key parts: a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) substrate, an electron transport layer (ETL), a perovskite light absorption layer, a hole transport layer (HTL), and a metal or carbon-based back electrode.

3. Application Areas

- Can be applied to distributed photovoltaic power generation, such as building facades and rooftops;

- Can also be used for photovoltaic building integration, combining building and power generation;

- Also has application prospects in the field of photovoltaic car roofs;

- Due to its good low-light performance, it can be used for indoor photovoltaics to power smart homes, industrial IoT devices, etc.

 

II. Market Analysis

1. Perovskite Solar Cell Market Analysis

In 2024, the global perovskite solar cell's newly added production capacity is expected to see significant growth, particularly in the Chinese market, with an estimated increase of 3GW and a market size of 340 million yuan. Currently, the estimated price of perovskite components is 0.5-0.6 yuan/W, only 5% of that of crystalline silicon. With the advancement of industrialization and capacity expansion, the cost is expected to further decrease, and the price will become more competitive.

2. Development Trends of Perovskite Solar Cells

1. Technology Aspects

Conversion efficiency continues to improve; the current laboratory conversion efficiency has exceeded 25%, approaching or exceeding that of traditional silicon-based solar cells, and there is still room for improvement in the future; stability is constantly being optimized; researchers are improving its anti-aging and anti-corrosion performance through improved materials and encapsulation technologies; and the layered application with other battery technologies is gradually increasing, such as combining with crystalline silicon batteries to form tandem batteries, which can break through the efficiency limitations of single batteries.

2. Cost Aspects

With the advancement of industrialization and technological maturity, equipment investment costs and raw material costs are expected to decrease; large-scale production will reduce the unit cost of perovskite solar cells, enhancing their market competitiveness.

3. Market Application Aspects

Application areas are constantly expanding. In addition to traditional ground power stations and distributed photovoltaic power generation, applications in building integration, vehicle-mounted photovoltaics, and indoor photovoltaics will become more widespread; the market size is growing rapidly. It is predicted that the global perovskite component market space will reach 181.6 billion yuan by 2030, with a CAGR of approximately 108% from 2024 to 2030.